Drug metabolism consists of the sum of the biochemical processes through which medication is transformed by enzymes into substances that can be absorbed in the body system. The course of treatment and its efficiency very much depend on the way the system receives and tolerates the medication. Drugs nevertheless, are created in such a way so as to correspond to the organic processes specific to the body functioning for the digestive tract, the bloodstream and the tissues where the active components have to reach. The similarity between drug metabolism leads to the appearance of interactions or reactions when several drugs are used.
Although all biological tissues have the capacity to metabolize drugs, the liver is the organ with the biggest function in drug metabolism. The high concentration of enzymes secreted by this organ makes the function of the organ more intense. When the medical substance gets into the hepatic circuit, there is a peak in the drug metabolism. Yet, there are other body parts that are also involved in drug metabolism: the kidneys, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the lungs or the skin. The only problem is that in most such drug metabolism cases, the toxicity reactions are more intense and numerous.
Drug metabolism can vary depending on some pathological and physiological factors, and these need to be taken into consideration when a specific medication is prescribed. Thus, besides individual specificity that has an important part to play in drug metabolism, age, nutrition, sex differences and the condition of the intestinal flora also make important factors that influence the reaction to medication or the body response to a certain drug treatment.
Among the pathological factors that could influence drug metabolism, the most common of them include heart, kidney and liver diseases. Therefore, it is of paramount importance that any unknown health condition be reported to the health care provider before the beginning or the choice of a treatment. Moreover, do specify if you take any other medication because there may be interactions as well.
Finally, although it may seem irrelevant or unimportant for a patient, some knowledge on drug metabolism could help you understand how medication works on the body system. Moreover, it could help one prevent or minimize some nasty adverse reactions.
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